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3 The Late Fourth and Early Third Millenniums BC
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Published:December 1990
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Abstract
The only sites which could legitimately be placed in the interval between the end of the occupation at al-Markh and Ras Abaruk 4, c.3800 BC, and the last centuries of the fourth millennium are some of the lithic sites in the Eastern Province, Bahrain, Qatar, and the UAE of the type discussed in the preceding chapter. As noted above, the available Cl 4 dates suggest that the indigenous hunting-gathering¬ fishing populations of eastern Arabia represented by these sites may have continued to use the same basic types of stone tools as their more remote ancestors had well into the fourth millennium or even later. Nevertheless, the apparent scarcity of fourth-millennium sites in the Gulf may be a reflection of at least two natural factors, one climatic and the other eustatic. An arid phase has been documented for this period in eastern Arabia and Bahrain, and its onset may have thinned out the local hunting and gathering population. Many if not all of the playa lakes in the area dried up at this time, becoming choked with aeolian silt. Assuming that the game dependent on these lakes was forced to migrate elsewhere, the majority of the hunters and gatherers of the region may well have followed suit.
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