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12 The Arcadian Establishment AD 392-412
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Published:April 1990
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Abstract
When we look at the military and foreign policy of the Eastern Empire from the prefecture of Rufinus (392-5), or even earlier, to the end of that of Anthemius (405-414), or a little longer, a striking feature is its consistency and continuity. These in turn can be seen to be linked to the fundamental stability of what might be called the ‘Arcadian Establishment’. Of course first impressions suggest otherwise: this was a period of violent political conflict. Rufinus was lynched by the rmy, Eutropius executed, Aurelian exiled, Eutychianus charged with treason and acquitted, or eventually exculpated and reinstated, John Chrysostom the archbishop exiled, recalled, and exiled again amidst riots. But these violent events must be seen in perspective. Radical changes of personnel in leading positions were offset by a homogeneity of attitude and outlook. The men who held the most important offices under Arcadius were remarkably similar in social background. Their rivalry, though intense, seems to have been for power and control of patronage, and does not seem to have involved significant differences over policy or ideology. Moreover the period was characterized not only by the overthrow of ministers but also by continuity of careers.
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