
Contents
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3.1 Introduction 3.1 Introduction
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3.2 Central Planning 3.2 Central Planning
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The rural sector The rural sector
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The urban sector The urban sector
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3.3 Rural Reform 3.3 Rural Reform
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The initial reforms, 1978–1985 The initial reforms, 1978–1985
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Gradualist reforms, 1986– Gradualist reforms, 1986–
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3.4 Urban Reform 3.4 Urban Reform
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Enterprise reform Enterprise reform
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Labour market reform Labour market reform
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3.5. Economy‐Wide Reform 3.5. Economy‐Wide Reform
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Law reform Law reform
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Educational policy Educational policy
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Financial reform Financial reform
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Fiscal reform Fiscal reform
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Trade reform Trade reform
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3.6 The Political Economy of Economic Reform 3.6 The Political Economy of Economic Reform
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The origins of reform The origins of reform
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The processes of reform The processes of reform
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Why was reform successful? Why was reform successful?
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Stalled transition? Stalled transition?
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3.7 Conclusion 3.7 Conclusion
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References References
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3 3 The Evolution of Institutions and Policies
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Published:April 2012
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Abstract
This chapter provides a brief economic history of the transition to a market economy in China. It begins in Section 3.2, with a brief account of the period of central planning. Section 3.3 examines the evolution of rural reform, and Section 3.4 does the same for urban reform. Section 3.5 considers those aspects of policies and institutions that relate to the economy as a whole. Section 3.6 examines the underlying political economy of the economic reform process. Section 3.7 draws conclusions about the relationships between policies and institutions, on the one hand, and economic growth, on the other hand, and explains how the results of this chapter will inform the analysis of later chapters.
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