
Contents
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Sleep-related HF symptoms Sleep-related HF symptoms
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Sleep apnoea syndromes Sleep apnoea syndromes
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Central sleep apnoea syndrome (Csas) Central sleep apnoea syndrome (Csas)
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Prevalence of CSAS Prevalence of CSAS
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Prognosis of CSAS Prognosis of CSAS
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Clinical presentation of CSAS Clinical presentation of CSAS
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Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
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Consequences of PB Consequences of PB
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Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
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Prevalence Prevalence
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Pathophysiology Pathophysiology
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Clinical presentation Clinical presentation
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Prognosis Prognosis
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Diagnosis of sleep apnoea syndromes Diagnosis of sleep apnoea syndromes
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Treatment of sleep apnoea syndromes Treatment of sleep apnoea syndromes
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Treatment options Treatment options
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Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
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Non-invasive ventilation Non-invasive ventilation
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Oxygen Oxygen
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Pacemakers Pacemakers
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Conclusions Conclusions
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Appendix: Glossary Appendix: Glossary
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References References
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10 Sleep-disordered Breathing in Heart Failure
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Published:July 2008
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Abstract
This chapter discusses sleep-disordered breathing in heart failure (HF). The association between HF and sleep disturbance can be divided into two major categories: the symptoms of HF which result in direct disruption of sleep and insomnia; and sleep apnoea syndromes (central sleep apnoea syndrome (CSAS), which is usually a consequence of worsening HF; and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, which may be a precursor of cardiac diseases leading to the development of chronic HF). The diagnosis and treatment options for these categories are shown. The prognosis of patients with chronic HF seems to be significantly worse if CSAS is present. Treatment options include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and supplemental oxygen. Adequately powered prospective randomized controlled trials with survival and health status as endpoints are needed to establish whether the correction of sleep-related abnormalities of breathing in patients with HF really does improve outcome.
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