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Structural Injustice: Power, Advantage, and Human Rights

Online ISBN:
9780190054014
Print ISBN:
9780190053987
Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Book

Structural Injustice: Power, Advantage, and Human Rights

Madison Powers,
Madison Powers
Professor of Philosophy, Georgetown University
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Ruth Faden
Ruth Faden
Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics
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Published online:
19 September 2019
Published in print:
31 October 2019
Online ISBN:
9780190054014
Print ISBN:
9780190053987
Publisher:
Oxford University Press

Abstract

This book develops a theory of structural injustice that forges important links between human rights norms and fairness norms. Norms of both kinds are underpinned by a conception of well-being. This conception provides the foundation for human rights, explains the depth of unfairness of systematic patterns of disadvantage, and locates the fundamental unfairness of power relations in forms of control some groups have over the well-being of other groups. In addition, the theory applies to circumstances in which structurally unfair patterns of power and advantage and human rights violations are routinely intertwined. Unlike theories tailored to circumstances in which structural injustices emerge from largely benign social processes, this theory addresses more typical patterns of structural injustice in which the wrongful conduct of identifiable agents is manifested in creating or sustaining mutually reinforcing forms of injustice. These patterns exist both within different types of nation-states and in interactions across national boundaries. However, the theory rejects the claim that for a structural theory to be so broadly applicable its central claims must be universally endorsable within multiple ethical frameworks. Instead, the theory draws support from examples of structural injustice around the world, and the insights and perspectives of related social movements. The theory also differs from approaches that make enhanced democratic decision-making or the global extension of republican institutions the centerpiece of their proposed remedies. Its focus is on justifiable forms of resistance in circumstances in which institutions are unwilling or unable to address pressing issues of injustice.

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