
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Screening Screening
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Social Social
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Vomiting Vomiting
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Acidosis Acidosis
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Constipation Constipation
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Hypoglycemia Hypoglycemia
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Kidney Stones Kidney Stones
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Increased Infections Increased Infections
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Vitamin Deficiencies Vitamin Deficiencies
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Electrolyte Imbalances Electrolyte Imbalances
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Hyperlipidemia Hyperlipidemia
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Pancreatitis Pancreatitis
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Hepatitis Hepatitis
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Cardiac Side Effects Cardiac Side Effects
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Growth Growth
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Osteopenia Osteopenia
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Food Refusal Food Refusal
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Discontinuing the Ketogenic Diet Discontinuing the Ketogenic Diet
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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10 Preventing Side Effects and Diet Discontinuation
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Published:October 2016
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Abstract
Generally, the ketogenic diet is well tolerated. On average, sixty percent of patients remain on the diet for over six months; those who stop typically do so due to lack of efficacy rather than tolerability. Common side effects include constipation, vomiting, acidosis, and vitamin/mineral deficiencies. More significant side effects are rare, but include pancreatitis, hepatitis, kidney stones, and cardiomyopathy. With appropriate monitoring and supplementation, these adverse effects can be minimized so the patient can remain on the diet as long as indicated. In addition, there may be social issues, including refusal to eat and managing special occasions and holidays. With support and resources, most families are able to overcome these obstacles. Weaning from dietary therapy must be done gradually and with close supervision, as there may be an increase in seizures. Patients must be provided support and direction on how to safely discontinue the diet.
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