
Contents
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Introduction Introduction
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Contextualizing China’s Approach to Cyber Conflict: Rising Power, Hidden Vulnerability Contextualizing China’s Approach to Cyber Conflict: Rising Power, Hidden Vulnerability
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Rising Power Rising Power
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Hidden Vulnerabilities Hidden Vulnerabilities
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The Evolution of Chinese Strategic Theory on Cyberspace The Evolution of Chinese Strategic Theory on Cyberspace
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Data Analysis: Chinese Cyber Strategies Data Analysis: Chinese Cyber Strategies
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Escalatory Responses to Chinese Cyber Action Escalatory Responses to Chinese Cyber Action
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Cyber Espionage as a Unique Chinese Tool Cyber Espionage as a Unique Chinese Tool
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China’s Other Actors: Criminals and Patriots China’s Other Actors: Criminals and Patriots
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Conclusion Conclusion
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6 China and the Technology Gap: Chinese Strategic Behavior in Cyberspace
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Published:May 2018
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Abstract
The discourse on Chinese cyber security practices often fails to match the reality of actual behavior. This chapter examines how Beijing uses the digital domain in rival interactions. First, it unpacks the literature on how China uses cyber capabilities to shape the international system and enable its rise as a great power, highlighting how threat inflation crowds out empirical perspectives that demonstrate stability and predictability. Second, it situates Beijing’s approach to the digital domain in Chinese strategic theory, illustrating China’s early focus on innovation and preemption and its evolution toward using digital power to control the domestic population and seek information advantages. Third, it uses these insights to analyze empirically all publicly attributed Chinese cyber incidents. This portrait highlights the unique leverage, and limitations, of cyber espionage as a form of coercive bargaining between rival states.
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