List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

Crisis Management Initiative (NGO, Finland)

Continuous Linked Settlement Bank

currency transaction tax

OECD's Development Assistance Committee

Department for International Development

European Monetary System

exchange-rate normalization duty

exchange rate mechanism

Food and Agriculture Organization

foreign currency exchange

gross national income

heavily indebted poor country

home town associations

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

information and communications technology

International Air Transport Association

International Development Association

International Finance Facility

International Labour Office

International Monetary Fund

least developed countries

Millennium Challenge Account

Millennium Development Goals

money transfer operators

New Partnership for African Development

non-governmental organizations

net fiscal benefit

net present value

official development assistance

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

payment versus payment settlement

real time gross settlement systems

Special Drawing Rights

security transaction tax

United Nations Development Programme

United Nations Population Fund

United Nations Children's Fund

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

World Lottery Association

World Food Programme

World Health Organization