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The research for this book would not have materialized without the affiliation granted by the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2005 and 2007, which enabled me to use the libraries in Mashhad, especially the Astāne Quds-i Raḍawī library. In this connection Professor Abdolreza Bagheri, the chancellor of the Ferdowsi University, and Professor Muhammad Reza Hashemi, the dean of the Faculty of Letters and Humanities, were extremely helpful. My research assistants ‘Ali Shokohi and ‘Abbas Shari'ati in Mashhad, and Betsy Mesard and Omar Shaukat at the University of Virginia, worked long hours to collect the materials, scan them, and make them available to me while in Iran.
As for the contents of the book, my friend and colleague, Professor Charles Mathewes, read the entire manuscript, offering detailed comments to improve it in many places. In my course on “Human Rights and Islam” taught at the Ferdowsi University in 2005, and “Islam, Democracy and Human Rights” at Virginia, graduate and undergraduate students have from time to time inspired me to formulate and discuss, with clarity and accuracy, issues related to the basic freedoms in Islam.
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