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Persia's Egyptian situation was the key to Persian involvements elsewhere. This meant that with Egypt secure after 518, Darius was free to undertake expansionistic enterprise beyond existing boundaries into “Scythia” and the Balkans. But this set in motion a series of events that over the next sixty years or so compelled the Persians to accept limits in the west in order to hold on to Egypt and the middle territory. We can link Darius’ expansionistic efforts in the west to the subsequent Ionian Revolt and link that to Persian determination to subjugate Greek mainland states. The Persian threat prompted Athens’ adoption of a maritime strategy based on the creation of a strong fleet. This served to repel the Persian attack on Greece in 480–479 and set the stage for the creation of a Greek super-state in the form of the Delian League, which over the next fifteen years pushed the Persians entirely out of the Aegean and then joined with Egyptian dynasts to challenge Persian control of Egypt. Despite Persian recovery of Egypt, the prospect of continuing Egyptian-Athenian collaboration prompted the Persians to concede the far west in return for recognition of Persian control of Egypt and the middle territory.
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