
Contents
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Investment Priorities and De-Stalinization Investment Priorities and De-Stalinization
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Khrushchev’s De-Stalinization and Mao’s Reaction Khrushchev’s De-Stalinization and Mao’s Reaction
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The CCP and the East European Uprisings of 1956 The CCP and the East European Uprisings of 1956
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Doubts of Soviet Irresolution in the Middle East Doubts of Soviet Irresolution in the Middle East
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Mao’s Challenge to the CPSU at the 1957 Moscow Conference Mao’s Challenge to the CPSU at the 1957 Moscow Conference
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The Soviet Union, the Great Leap, and the Transition to Communism The Soviet Union, the Great Leap, and the Transition to Communism
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The “Joint Fleet” Proposal and the First Mao-Khrushchev Confrontation The “Joint Fleet” Proposal and the First Mao-Khrushchev Confrontation
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The 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis and Revolutionary Mobilization The 1958 Taiwan Strait Crisis and Revolutionary Mobilization
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War Crisis and the Collectivization of Agriculture and Militarization of Labor War Crisis and the Collectivization of Agriculture and Militarization of Labor
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5 The Sino-Soviet Schism: The Race to Communism and Great Power Status
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Published:January 2016
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Abstract
Soviet-Chinese debates over de-Stalinization were linked to prescribed levels of investment in heavy industry versus consumer goods. Mao favored the former, Khrushchev the latter. Uprisings in Poland and Hungary in 1956 focused these differences: should popular discontent be addressed by improved living standards or by the dictatorship of the proletariat? Differences intensified in 1957 when Mao laid out his vision of global revolutionary offensive. Soviet leaders thought this risked nuclear war—fears Mao disparaged. Mao responded to Khrushchev’s boast of rapid economic advance by pledging an equally rapid Chinese economic advance, and the next year made good on that pledge by launching the Great Leap Forward. A race to communism had begun. Confrontation with the United States in the Taiwan Strait created the political atmosphere for full collectivization of agriculture that gave Beijing control over the harvest to fuel the hyperindustrialization campaign.
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