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Vignette Vignette
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Historical and Cultural Context Historical and Cultural Context
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Role in Current Diagnostic Systems Role in Current Diagnostic Systems
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Symptomatology Symptomatology
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Prevalence Rate and Associated Features Prevalence Rate and Associated Features
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Theories of Etiology Theories of Etiology
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Assessment Options Assessment Options
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Differential Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
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Treatment Options Treatment Options
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Recommendations for Future Work Recommendations for Future Work
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References References
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18 Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
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Published:November 2016
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Abstract
The symptoms that are considered characteristic of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome (AIWS) are quite diverse and constitute distortions of regular sense perception (i.e., distortions of visual, somaesthetic, temporal, and self-perception). Although these symptoms are often of short duration, especially in children, extended episodes can occur. Many cases are benign and self-limiting, but symptoms of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome can occur in the context of Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis, cerebral lesion, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. Most of the symptoms characteristic of AIWS traditionally are attributed to central (as opposed to peripheral) nervous mechanisms. Epidemiological surveys and clinical prevalence studies of AIWS are lacking, but the syndrome is generally considered rare. Studies among clinical populations, however, indicate that its prevalence may well be underestimated.
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