
Contents
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I. Accountability in Public Health and Human Rights I. Accountability in Public Health and Human Rights
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II. The Development of Accountability Functions within the United Nations Charter and United Nations Treaty Bodies II. The Development of Accountability Functions within the United Nations Charter and United Nations Treaty Bodies
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A. The Commission Seeks Human Rights Accountability A. The Commission Seeks Human Rights Accountability
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B. The Birth of the Human Rights Council B. The Birth of the Human Rights Council
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III. The Universal Periodic Review III. The Universal Periodic Review
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A. Establishment and Purpose A. Establishment and Purpose
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B. The Review Process B. The Review Process
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IV. Health in the Universal Periodic Review IV. Health in the Universal Periodic Review
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A. Engagement of the Public Health Community A. Engagement of the Public Health Community
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B. Extent and Quality of Health-Related Recommendations B. Extent and Quality of Health-Related Recommendations
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1. Prominence of Health in the UPR Recommendations 1. Prominence of Health in the UPR Recommendations
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2. Focus of Health-Related Recommendations 2. Focus of Health-Related Recommendations
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3. Extent of Implementation 3. Extent of Implementation
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C. Degree of Implementation C. Degree of Implementation
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V. The UPR as an Accountability Mechanism for Global Health Commitments V. The UPR as an Accountability Mechanism for Global Health Commitments
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VI. The UPR Is Part of a Broader Web of Accountability VI. The UPR Is Part of a Broader Web of Accountability
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Conclusion Conclusion
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References References
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24 The Future of Human Rights Accountability for Global Health through the Universal Periodic Review
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Published:April 2018
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Abstract
This chapter examines the Universal Periodic Review (UPR), a new peer-review procedure that provides scrutiny of each UN member state’s human rights record every five years. The review process culminates in a set of recommendations issued to each “State-under-Review” (SuR). The UPR provides an unprecedented opportunity to routinely hold all states to account for their obligations under international human rights law, including health-related human rights. Health recommendations have featured prominently in the recommendations issued to SuRs and have a comparatively high implementation rate. Empirical data indicate that the UPR could have a potentially, or already, important role in holding states to account for health-related human rights as well as political global health commitments, such as those found in the Sustainable Development Goals. However, certain shortcomings should be addressed, including an uneven spread of recommendations across different health issues and limited engagement of the public health community.
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