
Contents
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Defining Mission Orientations Defining Mission Orientations
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Social Action versus Evangelism? Questioning the “Two-Party” System Social Action versus Evangelism? Questioning the “Two-Party” System
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A Typology of Mission Orientations A Typology of Mission Orientations
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1. Dominant Social Action: Addressing Social Concerns Is the Primary Mission 1. Dominant Social Action: Addressing Social Concerns Is the Primary Mission
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2. Dual-Focus: Evangelism and Social Ministry Are Independent Areas of Ministry 2. Dual-Focus: Evangelism and Social Ministry Are Independent Areas of Ministry
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3. Holistic: Evangelism and Social Ministry Are Dynamically Interconnected 3. Holistic: Evangelism and Social Ministry Are Dynamically Interconnected
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HOLISTIC-COMPLEMENTARY SUBTYPE HOLISTIC-COMPLEMENTARY SUBTYPE
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HOLISTIC-INSTRUMENTAL SUBTYPE HOLISTIC-INSTRUMENTAL SUBTYPE
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4. Dominant Evangelism: Sharing the Gospel Is the Primary Mission 4. Dominant Evangelism: Sharing the Gospel Is the Primary Mission
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5. Inwardly Focused: No Significant Social Action or Evangelism 5. Inwardly Focused: No Significant Social Action or Evangelism
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Mission Orientation and Program Activity Mission Orientation and Program Activity
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Conclusion Conclusion
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7 Defining Mission Orientations: The Relationship between Social Action and Evangelism
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Published:September 2005
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Abstract
A mission orientation frames a moral order for a congregation's activity and identity. This chapter focuses on the ways that churches organize the spiritual and social dimensions of their public mission. In place of the traditional dichotomy between social activism and evangelism, a more nuanced set of orientations classifies churches as dominant social action, dual-focus, holistic, dominant evangelism, and inward-focused. This spectrum of types indicates that the religious impulses to serve and to save are not always polarized drives; rather, churches interrelate these two imperatives in their community outreach in a range of adaptable, and sometimes rather sophisticated, ways.
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