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Richard A. Baxter, Histologic Effects of Ultrasound-assisted Lipoplasty, Aesthetic Surgery Journal, Volume 19, Issue 2, March 1999, Pages 109–114, https://doi.org/10.1053/aq.1999.v19.97391
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Abstract
Background: In spite of the increasing popularity of ultrasound-assisted lipoplasty (UAL), questions remain about the effects of ultrasound energy on soft tissues, indications for the technique, and parameters for safe application and optimal results.
Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the tissue effects of UAL and to correlate those effects with parameters based on clinical experience.
Methods: Histologic evaluation with standard histologic staining was done on abdominoplasty specimens treated with UAL on one side and standard liposuction on the opposite side in patients undergoing both abdominoplasty and UAL. Additionally, 100 consecutive patients treated with UAL were reviewed.
Results: It was found that optimal results correlated with submaximal amplitude settings, loss of tissue resistance to probe movement, and change in color of the aspirate from pale yellow to pink or tan as end points for the application of ultrasound. Histologic evaluation revealed that these parameters were associated with minimal effect on connective tissues and blood vessels. Longer application times were associated with disruption of collagen and elastin structures.
Conclusions: This study confirms that UAL is an effective and safe technique in experienced hands when attention is given to easily observed end points for application of ultrasound energy.