Evaluation of foliar applications of PLINAZOLIN technology (isocycloseram) for control of lepidopteran pests in cabbage in Wisconsin, 2024

This trial was conducted at the University of Wisconsin’s Arlington Agricultural Research Station (GPS: 43.320029°N, −89.336041°W) on silt loam soil (PnB, SeB2) in 2024. White cabbage, Brassica oleracea cv. ‘Expectation’ seedlings were transplanted on 10 June at an 18-inch within-row spacing and a 3 ft between-row spacing. Plots measured 2 rows (6 ft) wide by 30 ft long and were separated by 1 untreated guard row. Treatments were arranged in an RCB design with 4 replicates. This experiment was located within a 0.5-acre planting of untreated cabbage to encourage colonization by pests.

Treatments included an untreated check, PLINAZOLIN technology 200 SC (isocycloseram) at 2.1 fl oz/acre, and Warrior II (lambda-cyhalothrin) at 1.6 fl oz/acre as a commercial reference standard. At the time of publication, PLINAZOLIN was not registered for use on cabbage in Wisconsin. The first of 2 successive weekly foliar applications was initialized when precounts and plot inspections indicated pest presence. All treatments were applied using a CO₂-pressurized backpack sprayer fitted with a 6 ft boom, operating at 30 psi and delivering approximately 20 gpa through 4 flat-fan nozzles (Tee Jet 8001VS) while traveling at 3 mph.

Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), imported cabbageworm (Pieris rapae), and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) populations were assessed by randomly selecting and non-destructively sampling 5 cabbage heads per plot and counting the total number of larvae and pupae found for each species. Counts were performed on 1, 6, 14, and 23 August (7, 12, 20, and 29 days after the first foliar application). Evaluation data were analyzed in R version 4.4 (R-Core Team, 2024). Insect counts were log(x + 1) transformed prior to statistical analysis. Treatment main effects were determined using ANOVA. Mean separation letter codes were generated using Tukey’s HSD procedure (α = 0.05, R package “agricolae”).

Generally, PLINAZOLIN performed as well or better than Warrior II across all evaluation dates and pest species, and both insecticides performed significantly better than the untreated check. No difference between PLINAZOLIN and Warrior II was observed against imported cabbageworm (Table 1) or cabbage looper, but PLINAZOLIN outperformed Warrior II against diamondback moth.¹

Table 1

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Treatment/Formulation		Rate (amt/acre)	1 Aug (7 DAA)	6 Aug (12 DAA)	14 Aug (20 DAA)	23 Aug (29 DAA)
Imported cabbageworm larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	1.75 b	2.00 a	0.25 a	1.75 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.25 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.25 a	0.50 a	0.25 a	0.00 a
		P > F^a	0.022	0.11	0.64	0.024
Cabbage looper larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	6.00 b	3.00 b	1.75 b	2.00 a
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
		P > F	0.0023	0.011	0.012	0.2
Diamondback moth larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	3.25 b	2.25 a	1.75 b	3.25 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	1.25 ab	0.25 a	1.00 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0038	0.069	0.049	0.0015
Total larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	11.00 b	7.25 b	3.75 b	7.00 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.75 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	2.00 a	0.75 a	1.25 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0008	0.0025	0.041	< 0.0001

Treatment/Formulation		Rate (amt/acre)	1 Aug (7 DAA)	6 Aug (12 DAA)	14 Aug (20 DAA)	23 Aug (29 DAA)
Imported cabbageworm larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	1.75 b	2.00 a	0.25 a	1.75 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.25 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.25 a	0.50 a	0.25 a	0.00 a
		P > F^a	0.022	0.11	0.64	0.024
Cabbage looper larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	6.00 b	3.00 b	1.75 b	2.00 a
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
		P > F	0.0023	0.011	0.012	0.2
Diamondback moth larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	3.25 b	2.25 a	1.75 b	3.25 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	1.25 ab	0.25 a	1.00 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0038	0.069	0.049	0.0015
Total larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	11.00 b	7.25 b	3.75 b	7.00 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.75 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	2.00 a	0.75 a	1.25 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0008	0.0025	0.041	< 0.0001

Means followed by same letter code(s) are not significantly different.

^aTreatment main effect P-values determined by ANOVA.

Table 1

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Treatment/Formulation		Rate (amt/acre)	1 Aug (7 DAA)	6 Aug (12 DAA)	14 Aug (20 DAA)	23 Aug (29 DAA)
Imported cabbageworm larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	1.75 b	2.00 a	0.25 a	1.75 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.25 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.25 a	0.50 a	0.25 a	0.00 a
		P > F^a	0.022	0.11	0.64	0.024
Cabbage looper larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	6.00 b	3.00 b	1.75 b	2.00 a
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
		P > F	0.0023	0.011	0.012	0.2
Diamondback moth larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	3.25 b	2.25 a	1.75 b	3.25 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	1.25 ab	0.25 a	1.00 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0038	0.069	0.049	0.0015
Total larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	11.00 b	7.25 b	3.75 b	7.00 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.75 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	2.00 a	0.75 a	1.25 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0008	0.0025	0.041	< 0.0001

Treatment/Formulation		Rate (amt/acre)	1 Aug (7 DAA)	6 Aug (12 DAA)	14 Aug (20 DAA)	23 Aug (29 DAA)
Imported cabbageworm larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	1.75 b	2.00 a	0.25 a	1.75 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.25 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.25 a	0.50 a	0.25 a	0.00 a
		P > F^a	0.022	0.11	0.64	0.024
Cabbage looper larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	6.00 b	3.00 b	1.75 b	2.00 a
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	0.50 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
		P > F	0.0023	0.011	0.012	0.2
Diamondback moth larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	3.25 b	2.25 a	1.75 b	3.25 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	1.25 ab	0.25 a	1.00 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0038	0.069	0.049	0.0015
Total larvae per 5 plants
1	Untreated	–	11.00 b	7.25 b	3.75 b	7.00 b
2	PLINAZOLIN 200 SC	1.6 fl oz	0.75 a	0.00 a	0.00 a	0.00 a
3	Warrior II 2.08 CS	2.1 fl oz	2.00 a	0.75 a	1.25 ab	0.50 a
		P > F	0.0008	0.0025	0.041	< 0.0001

Means followed by same letter code(s) are not significantly different.

^aTreatment main effect P-values determined by ANOVA.

Footnotes

This research was supported in part by direct industry funding.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected] for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact [email protected].

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Evaluation of foliar applications of PLINAZOLIN technology (isocycloseram) for control of lepidopteran pests in cabbage in Wisconsin, 2024

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