Control of Diamondback Moth on Broccoli with Foliar Applied Insecticides, 2019

Diamondback Moth | Plutella xylostella (L.)

spinetoram, methoxyfenozide, tolfenpyrad, indoxacarb, emamectin/abamectin-aminomethyl, acetamiprid, novaluron, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole

Diamondback moth (DBM) continues to be a destructive pest of cruciferous crops across Florida. This pest is renowned for developing resistance to insecticides, so program approaches are needed in conjunction with new chemistries to allow for control of this pest. Four 36-inch-wide raised beds 430 ft long on 6 ft centers covered with black polyethylene mulch were used for this trial at the Southwest Florida Research and Education Center in Immokalee. Each bed was provided with two drip tapes delivering 0.67 gpm/100 ft through emitters spaced every 8 inches. Greenhouse raised seedlings were transplanted 26 Feb. Each row was divided into plots of 15 plants divided by a five-plant buffer with 11 treatments and four replicates in an RCBD design. Treatments were applied to the foliage on 25 Mar and 1, 8, 15, 23 Apr (Table 1) using a high clearance sprayer operating at 180 psi and 2.3 mph, employing two yellow Albuz hollow cone nozzles on each side of the row for a total of 40 gal/ac. Pest population and plant damage were monitored by examining a weekly sample of three randomly selected fully expanded new leaves from the upper portion of eight plants per plot. DBM larvae and pupae were counted, and the amount of damage of the leaf surface was estimated as percentage of leaf surface with visible feeding damage. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and differences among treatment means on each sampling date were determined using LSD test (P = 0.05).

Table 1.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	Application dates
		25-Mar	1-Apr	8-Apr	15-Apr	23-Apr
Untreated check
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	x		x		x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	x	x	x	x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac EC	21oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Cormoran	11.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x		x
Cormoran	12 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Comoran	18 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Beseige	9 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	Application dates
		25-Mar	1-Apr	8-Apr	15-Apr	23-Apr
Untreated check
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	x		x		x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	x	x	x	x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac EC	21oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Cormoran	11.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x		x
Cormoran	12 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Comoran	18 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Beseige	9 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x

Table 1.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	Application dates
		25-Mar	1-Apr	8-Apr	15-Apr	23-Apr
Untreated check
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	x		x		x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	x	x	x	x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac EC	21oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Cormoran	11.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x		x
Cormoran	12 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Comoran	18 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Beseige	9 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	Application dates
		25-Mar	1-Apr	8-Apr	15-Apr	23-Apr
Untreated check
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	x		x		x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	x	x	x	x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Torac EC	21oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Cormoran	11.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x		x
Cormoran	12 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Comoran	18 oz	x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Intrepid 2F	8 oz		x		x	x
Dyneamic	0.25%		x	x	x	x
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Beseige	9 oz	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	x			x
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz		x			x
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz			x
Dyneamic	0.25%	x	x	x	x	x

DBM population was extremely light in this trial and no damage was ever found on any of the heads. All treatment programs significantly reduced the amount of defoliation compared with the untreated check for about 1 month from 27 Mar to the end of the trial (Table 2) except one program with the Cormoran 12 oz rate on 27 Mar which was later as effective as the program with 18 oz rate.

Table 2.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	% Defoliation individual leaf area
		27-Mar	3-Apr	10-Apr	16-Apr	24-Apr
Untreated check		3.56 a	5.61 a	3.33 a	4.42 a	5.85 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	2.44 bcd	1.18 bcd	0.78 bcd	0.46 de	0.38 cd
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	1.34 e	0.58 d	0.55 d	0.16 e	0.15 d
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	1.34 e	0.97 bcd	1.09 bcd	0.49 cde	0.46 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	2.49 bc	1.01 bcd	0.69 bcd	0.18 e	0.35 cd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	2.78 ab	1.42 bc	1.31 b	0.59 bcd	0.72 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	1.31 e	1.25 bc	0.95 bcd	0.60 bcd	0.67 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	2.25 bcde	0.99 bcd	1.00 bcd	0.49 cde	0.85 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	1.43 de	0.90 cd	0.61 cd	0.89 bc	0.65 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	1.76 bcde	1.57 b	1.17 bc	0.98 b	0.63 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	1.67 cde	1.01 bcd	1.28 b	0.40 de	0.47 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	% Defoliation individual leaf area
		27-Mar	3-Apr	10-Apr	16-Apr	24-Apr
Untreated check		3.56 a	5.61 a	3.33 a	4.42 a	5.85 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	2.44 bcd	1.18 bcd	0.78 bcd	0.46 de	0.38 cd
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	1.34 e	0.58 d	0.55 d	0.16 e	0.15 d
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	1.34 e	0.97 bcd	1.09 bcd	0.49 cde	0.46 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	2.49 bc	1.01 bcd	0.69 bcd	0.18 e	0.35 cd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	2.78 ab	1.42 bc	1.31 b	0.59 bcd	0.72 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	1.31 e	1.25 bc	0.95 bcd	0.60 bcd	0.67 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	2.25 bcde	0.99 bcd	1.00 bcd	0.49 cde	0.85 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	1.43 de	0.90 cd	0.61 cd	0.89 bc	0.65 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	1.76 bcde	1.57 b	1.17 bc	0.98 b	0.63 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	1.67 cde	1.01 bcd	1.28 b	0.40 de	0.47 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

Table 2.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	% Defoliation individual leaf area
		27-Mar	3-Apr	10-Apr	16-Apr	24-Apr
Untreated check		3.56 a	5.61 a	3.33 a	4.42 a	5.85 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	2.44 bcd	1.18 bcd	0.78 bcd	0.46 de	0.38 cd
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	1.34 e	0.58 d	0.55 d	0.16 e	0.15 d
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	1.34 e	0.97 bcd	1.09 bcd	0.49 cde	0.46 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	2.49 bc	1.01 bcd	0.69 bcd	0.18 e	0.35 cd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	2.78 ab	1.42 bc	1.31 b	0.59 bcd	0.72 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	1.31 e	1.25 bc	0.95 bcd	0.60 bcd	0.67 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	2.25 bcde	0.99 bcd	1.00 bcd	0.49 cde	0.85 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	1.43 de	0.90 cd	0.61 cd	0.89 bc	0.65 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	1.76 bcde	1.57 b	1.17 bc	0.98 b	0.63 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	1.67 cde	1.01 bcd	1.28 b	0.40 de	0.47 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	% Defoliation individual leaf area
		27-Mar	3-Apr	10-Apr	16-Apr	24-Apr
Untreated check		3.56 a	5.61 a	3.33 a	4.42 a	5.85 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	2.44 bcd	1.18 bcd	0.78 bcd	0.46 de	0.38 cd
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	1.34 e	0.58 d	0.55 d	0.16 e	0.15 d
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	1.34 e	0.97 bcd	1.09 bcd	0.49 cde	0.46 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	2.49 bc	1.01 bcd	0.69 bcd	0.18 e	0.35 cd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	2.78 ab	1.42 bc	1.31 b	0.59 bcd	0.72 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	1.31 e	1.25 bc	0.95 bcd	0.60 bcd	0.67 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	2.25 bcde	0.99 bcd	1.00 bcd	0.49 cde	0.85 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	1.43 de	0.90 cd	0.61 cd	0.89 bc	0.65 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	1.76 bcde	1.57 b	1.17 bc	0.98 b	0.63 bc
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	1.67 cde	1.01 bcd	1.28 b	0.40 de	0.47 bcd
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

All the treatment programs resulted in significantly fewer DBM larva (Table 3) and pupa (Table 4) than the untreated check on all sample dates, with some differences among programs observed for pupa on 27 Mar. No phytotoxicity was observed.1

Table 3.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of larvae/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.31 a	0.41 a	0.24 a	0.38 a	0.23 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.01 d	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.06 b	0.00 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.02 cd	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.03 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.07 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.08 bcd	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.03 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.04 bcd	0.01 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.13 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of larvae/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.31 a	0.41 a	0.24 a	0.38 a	0.23 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.01 d	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.06 b	0.00 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.02 cd	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.03 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.07 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.08 bcd	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.03 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.04 bcd	0.01 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.13 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

Table 3.

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Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of larvae/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.31 a	0.41 a	0.24 a	0.38 a	0.23 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.01 d	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.06 b	0.00 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.02 cd	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.03 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.07 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.08 bcd	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.03 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.04 bcd	0.01 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.13 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of larvae/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.31 a	0.41 a	0.24 a	0.38 a	0.23 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.01 d	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.06 b	0.00 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.02 cd	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.03 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.07 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.09 bcd	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.08 bcd	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.03 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.04 bcd	0.01 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.13 b	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.11 bc	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

Table 4.

Open in new tab

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of pupa/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.10 a	0.14 a	0.11 a	0.20 a	0.24 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.08 a	0.03 b	0.01 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.07 a	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.03 a	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.13 a	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.06 a	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.04 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.05 a	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.07 a	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.06 a	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.06 a	0.04 b	0.04 b	0.01 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.06 a	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of pupa/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.10 a	0.14 a	0.11 a	0.20 a	0.24 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.08 a	0.03 b	0.01 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.07 a	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.03 a	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.13 a	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.06 a	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.04 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.05 a	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.07 a	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.06 a	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.06 a	0.04 b	0.04 b	0.01 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.06 a	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

Table 4.

Open in new tab

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of pupa/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.10 a	0.14 a	0.11 a	0.20 a	0.24 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.08 a	0.03 b	0.01 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.07 a	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.03 a	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.13 a	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.06 a	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.04 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.05 a	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.07 a	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.06 a	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.06 a	0.04 b	0.04 b	0.01 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.06 a	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Treatment/formulation	Rate/acre	No. of pupa/leaf
		27 Mar	3 Apr	10 Apr	16 Apr	24 Apr
Untreated check		0.10 a	0.14 a	0.11 a	0.20 a	0.24 a
Radiant SC	7.5 oz	0.08 a	0.03 b	0.01 b	0.01 b	0.01 b
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac 15 EC	21 oz	0.07 a	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Dyneamic	0.25%
Torac EC	21oz	0.03 a	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	11.5 oz	0.13 a	0.02 b	0.02 b	0.00 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Cormoran	12 oz	0.06 a	0.02 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.04 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Comoran	18 oz	0.05 a	0.00 b	0.01 b	0.04 b	0.01 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Intrepid 2F	8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Coragen 20 SC	5 oz	0.07 a	0.03 b	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Exirel 20 SC	13.5 oz	0.06 a	0.03 b	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Beseige	9 oz	0.06 a	0.04 b	0.04 b	0.01 b	0.02 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%
Harvanta 50 SL	16.4	0.06 a	0.00 b	0.02 b	0.01 b	0.00 b
Avaunt eVo	3.5 oz
Proclaim 5 SG	4.8 oz
Dyneamic	0.25%

Means within a column followed by same letter are not statistically different (LSD, P > 0.05).

Footnotes

This research was partly supported by industry gifts of pesticide and funds.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]

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Article Contents

Control of Diamondback Moth on Broccoli with Foliar Applied Insecticides, 2019

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