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John C. Wise, Anthony H. VanWoerkom, Larry J. Gut, Control of Woolly Apple Aphid, 2016, Arthropod Management Tests, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2017, tsx066, https://doi.org/10.1093/amt/tsx066
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This trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various insecticides against WAA. One-tree-plots arranged in an RCB design were established in a 20-yr-old “Golden Delicious” (Red Block) apple planting (20 × 14 ft spacing) located at the Trevor Nichols Research Center. Test materials were applied with an FMC 1029 airblast sprayer calibrated to deliver 100 gpa at 2.5 mph (Table 1). In addition, regular maintenance foliar applications were applied to all treatments including Captan, Asana XL, Penncozeb, Agri-Mycin, Fireline, Copper Sulfate, Flint, Lannate, Luna Tranquility 500, DPX-RDS63 neonic for flaring, Imidan, Inspire Super, Fontelis, Syllit, and Scala. Also, 2, 4-D Weedar and Gramoxone were banded below the rows for weed control. WAA evaluations were made by inspecting shoots for 2 min on 21 Sep, 5 and 19 Oct, and 1 Nov with the mean number of live colonies reported (Table 1). While actual counts are presented, ANOVA was run on transformed data. Transformed treatment means were analyzed using ANOVA and means separation by Tukey’s HSD at P = 0.05.
Treatment/formulation . | Rate product/acre . | Appl. timing . | Live WAA colonies/2 min . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | . | . | 21 Sep . | 5 Oct . | 19 Oct . | 1 Nov . |
Untreated check | 6.8a | 11.0a | 250.4a | 364.1a | ||
Movento 240SC + | 9 fl oz | A | 0.8b | 3.3b | 20.5b | 45.8b |
R-11 90EC | 0.25% v: v | A | ||||
Sivanto Prime 1.67 SL + | 14 fl oz | B | 1.3b | 1.0b | 13.7b | 21.3b |
R-11 90EC | 0.125% v: v | B | ||||
Closer SC | 5.75 fl oz | C | 1.3b | 1.8b | 32.2b | 32.0b |
Treatment/formulation . | Rate product/acre . | Appl. timing . | Live WAA colonies/2 min . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | . | . | 21 Sep . | 5 Oct . | 19 Oct . | 1 Nov . |
Untreated check | 6.8a | 11.0a | 250.4a | 364.1a | ||
Movento 240SC + | 9 fl oz | A | 0.8b | 3.3b | 20.5b | 45.8b |
R-11 90EC | 0.25% v: v | A | ||||
Sivanto Prime 1.67 SL + | 14 fl oz | B | 1.3b | 1.0b | 13.7b | 21.3b |
R-11 90EC | 0.125% v: v | B | ||||
Closer SC | 5.75 fl oz | C | 1.3b | 1.8b | 32.2b | 32.0b |
Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P ≤ 0.05, Tukey’s HSD). ANOVA performed on square-root transformed data; data presented are actual counts.
A = 24 Jun (CM bio + 250DD), B = 17 Aug (early threshold), C = 31 Aug (B + 14 days).
Treatment/formulation . | Rate product/acre . | Appl. timing . | Live WAA colonies/2 min . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | . | . | 21 Sep . | 5 Oct . | 19 Oct . | 1 Nov . |
Untreated check | 6.8a | 11.0a | 250.4a | 364.1a | ||
Movento 240SC + | 9 fl oz | A | 0.8b | 3.3b | 20.5b | 45.8b |
R-11 90EC | 0.25% v: v | A | ||||
Sivanto Prime 1.67 SL + | 14 fl oz | B | 1.3b | 1.0b | 13.7b | 21.3b |
R-11 90EC | 0.125% v: v | B | ||||
Closer SC | 5.75 fl oz | C | 1.3b | 1.8b | 32.2b | 32.0b |
Treatment/formulation . | Rate product/acre . | Appl. timing . | Live WAA colonies/2 min . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
. | . | . | 21 Sep . | 5 Oct . | 19 Oct . | 1 Nov . |
Untreated check | 6.8a | 11.0a | 250.4a | 364.1a | ||
Movento 240SC + | 9 fl oz | A | 0.8b | 3.3b | 20.5b | 45.8b |
R-11 90EC | 0.25% v: v | A | ||||
Sivanto Prime 1.67 SL + | 14 fl oz | B | 1.3b | 1.0b | 13.7b | 21.3b |
R-11 90EC | 0.125% v: v | B | ||||
Closer SC | 5.75 fl oz | C | 1.3b | 1.8b | 32.2b | 32.0b |
Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P ≤ 0.05, Tukey’s HSD). ANOVA performed on square-root transformed data; data presented are actual counts.
A = 24 Jun (CM bio + 250DD), B = 17 Aug (early threshold), C = 31 Aug (B + 14 days).
All treatments significantly reduced the incidence of WAA in the September, October and November evaluations, compared to the untreated check (Table 1).
Author notes
This research was supported by industry gifts of pesticides and research funding.
Subject Editor: Elizabeth Beers