-
Views
-
Cite
Cite
John Lekakis, Ignatios Ikonomidis, John Palios, Sotirios Tsiodras, Emmanouil Karatzis, Garyfalia Poulakou, Loukianos Rallidis, Anastasia Antoniadou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Antonios Papadopoulos, Helen Triantafyllidi, Helen Giamarellou, Dimitrios T. Kremastinos, Association of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy With Increased Arterial Stiffness in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, American Journal of Hypertension, Volume 22, Issue 8, August 2009, Pages 828–834, https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2009.90
Close - Share Icon Share
Abstract
Metabolic disorders associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease have been described in “HIV-infected” individuals. We investigated (i) whether normotensive “HIV-infected” individuals and hypertensive patients have similarities regarding their arterial elastic properties and (ii) the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and metabolic factors on arterial stiffness.
In a case–control study, we compared measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV), arterial blood pressure, and markers of metabolic profile in 56 normotensive, “HIV-infected” patients (mean age 40 ± 13 years) to 28 age- and sex-matched newly diagnosed untreated patients with hypertension and 28 healthy individuals.
“HIV-infected” patients had higher PWV than healthy controls but lower PWV than hypertensives (8.1 ± 1.4 m/s vs. 6.7 ± 1.1 m/s vs. 9.0 ± 1.0 m/s, P = 0.003 and 0.01, respectively). However, patients on HAART had similar PWV with hypertensives (8.4 ± 1.4 vs. 9.0 ± 1.0 m/s P = 0.25). Patients on HAART had higher PWV than patients without (8.4 ± 1.4 m/s vs. 7.5 ± 1.3 m/s, P = 0.03). Patients on HAART had higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure than patient's naive to HAART (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the independent determinants of increased PWV were HAART duration (unstandardized coefficient b v = 0.007, P = 0.04), serum cholesterol (b = 0.007, P = 0.04), mean or diastolic blood pressure (b = 0.049 and b = 0.060, P < 0.01).
“HIV-infected” individuals have increased arterial stiffness compared to healthy controls. Patients on antiretroviral therapy have similarities regarding their arterial elastic properties with patients with untreated hypertension. There is an independent association between duration of antiretroviral therapy, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure with increased arterial stiffness in “HIV-infected” patients.
American Journal of Hypertension, 22:828–834 © 2009 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd.
