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Abstract

Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE I/D), haptoglobin (Hp 1/2) and angiotensinogen (AGT M235T) genes polymorphisms have been associated with risk of several cardiovascular conditions. We have studied, in a healthy sample of adolescents randomly selected, the relationship between those genes polymorphisms and somatic characteristics, blood pressure and some biochemical markers of cardiovascular risk, mainly those related to oxidative stress. A subsample of 38 healthy adolescents, included in a larger cohort of children studied from 2 to 5 years of age, were re-evaluated at 12 to 15 years of age. ACE and AGT genotypes were evaluated, respectively, by PCR and PCR-RFLP; ACE and erythrocyte transmembrane oxido-reductase (TMR) activities by spectrophotometry; haptoglobin phenotype by PAGE; active renin by RIA; total and LDL-MDA by spectrophotometric quantification of substances that react with tiobarbituric acid (TBARS), and expressed according to total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and ApoB levels.

On the last evaluation, no associations were found between blood pressure, lipid profile, anthropometric parameters, body composition, active renin or TMR and the ACE I/D gene polymorphism. Males had higher values for ACE activity (75.9 U/L) than females (48.1 U/L) (p<0.01). Haptoglobin allele Hp1 was significantly more associated with higher ACE activities (Hp1.1 = 75.1 U/L, Hp2.2 = 48.1 U/L, p<0.05), and so was the ACE D allele (II = 38.6 U/L, ID = 46.2 U/L, DD = 76.8 U/L, p<0.001). ACE activity was similar between AGT genotypes. Higher levels of LDL-MDA/ApoB were observed in individuals with both ACE DD and Hp 2.2 genotypes. A higher level od LDL-MDA/ApoB was also observed in AGT MT genotype compared to MM and TT genotypes. These latter showed higher medium and diastolic blood pressure.

We conclude that healthy adolescents have higher activities of ACE in ACE DD genotype carriers. Oxidative stress markers were more associated to AGT MT, ACE DD and Hp 2.2 genotypes. Furthermore, in AGT TT individuals, medium and diastolic blood pressures were higher compared to the other AGT genotypes. ACE and AGT genes might behave independently.

haptoglobin, angiotensin I converting enzyme, angiotensinogen
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© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. 2001
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