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Gracian E, Mathew A, Jimenez T, Oleson S, Kaufman D, Ghahremani D, Bilder R, A-157 How Important Is Sustained Attention in Reversal Learning and Visual Task Shifting Abilities: A Canonical Correlation Analysis in Adults, Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Volume 35, Issue 6, September 2020, Page 951, https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.157
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Abstract
We used canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to examine the relationship between performance on cognitive neuroscience measures of sustained attention, deterministic reversal learning (DRLT), and visual task-shifting (VTS). We evaluated whether DRLT and VTS predicted performance on the Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II).
Participants were 1011 adults from the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics. The first CCA was conducted between four VST variables (set 1) and three CPT-II variables (set 2). The second CCA was conducted using eight Reversal Learning variables (set 1) and three CPT-II variables (set 2).
Our first CCA suggests that accuracy of performance in VTS predicts CPT-II measures, Rc = 0.33, Wilks’s λ = 0.86, F(12, 2646) = 1.92, p < .001. The analysis revealed a positive relationship with Hits (=0.87) and a negative relationship with FA (= − 0.76), consistent with sustained attention. The second CCA revealed that acquisition trials and RT on reversal trials significantly predicted less FA and more hits on the CPT-II, Rc = 0.23, Wilks’s λ = 0.90, F(24, 1273) = 1.92, p = .005.
Our multivariate findings confirm that attention is significantly involved in executive and mnemonic processes. To our knowledge, we are the first neuroscientific group to report multivariate evidence from a large data set that confirms sustained attention plays a significant role in reversal learning and task-shifting. Our results show that the CPT-II FA and mean RT variables specifically are important predictors of reversal learning and task-shifting, strengthening the concurrent validity of our experimental measures.
